Taxonomic Impediments of the Benthic Infauna; Potential Solutions and Consequences, Volume 101 in the Advances in Marine Biology series, explores the critical role of taxonomy in understanding and conserving marine biodiversity.This volume presents a comprehensive review of the taxonomic challenges facing marine invertebrates and potential solutions through molecular and genetic advancements.Topics include advancing marine invertebrate biodiversity research in South Africa, the current status of DNA barcoding for marine invertebrates, and identification challenges in ASEAN countries and their management implications. Additional chapters examine benthic communities around Australia and their role in marine park management, taxonomic and conservation challenges in the southwestern Atlantic, and strategies for biodiversity inventories in poorly studied marine areas.The volume also highlights specific case studies on Mauritanian sponges, benthic copepods using molecular methods, and taxonomic barriers to echinoderm biogeography and conservation.