Soil acidity is a significant constraint that limits the productivity of approximately 30 million hectares of cultivated land in our country.With soil pH ranging from 4.5 to 5.5, the crop diversity, cropping intensity, and productivity in these areas are low, leading to livelihood insecurity, poverty, and slow development.The chemistry of soil acidity has been extensively researched in the field of soil science. To address this issue, the book focuses on practical management practices for cultivating diverse crops and cropping systems, as well as plantation crops on acidic soils.Emphasis is placed on ameliorating acidic soils and improving nutrient use in crops to enhance agricultural productivity.The book also discusses the availability, quality, and cost of suitable soil amendments, as well as the prospects and challenges associated with their use. The chapters of the book have been authored by scientists who have been engaged in this work for the past two to three decades.The Way Forward section suggests the technology and steps that need to be taken to manage these soils, as well as the expected economic benefits.